一、二维的插值方法：
- 原始数据（x，y）
- 先对横坐标x进行扩充数据量，采用linspace。【如下面例子，由7个值扩充到300个】
- 采用scipy.interpolate中的spline来对纵坐标数据y进行插值【也由7个扩充到300个】。
- 画图
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np #数据T = np.array([6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12])power = np.array([1.53E+03, 5.92E+02, 2.04E+02, 7.24E+01, 2.72E+01, 1.10E+01, 4.70E+00]) #插值from scipy.interpolate import splinexnew = np.linspace(T.min(),T.max(),300) #300 represents number of points to make between T.min and T.maxpower_smooth = spline(T,power,xnew)print(xnew.shape) #（300，）print(power_smooth.shape) #（300，） #画图plt.plot(xnew,power_smooth)plt.show()
二、三维平滑图---插值：
1、数据：
x = [0.1,0.2,……，0.9] (shape = (9)）
y = [0.1,0.2,……，0.9] （shape = (9))
z = 【81个数据】（shape = (81））
生成数据：
x = np.linspace(0.1,0.9,9)y = np.linspace(0.1,0.9,9)z = np.random.rand(81)
2、将x和y进行扩充到想要的大小：
【两种方法：np.arange和np.linspace】
xnew = np.arange(0.1, 1, 0.03) 【shape=（31）】
ynew = np.arange(0.1, 1, 0.03) 【shape=（31）】或者
xnew = np.linspace(0.1, 0.9, 31)
ynew = np.linspace(0.1, 0.9, 31)
3、对z进行插值：
采用 scipy.interpolate.interp2d函数进行插值。
x,y原数据：【x.shape=9，y.shape=9，z.shape=81】
f = interpolate.interp2d(x, y, z, kind='cubic')
x,y扩充数据：【xnew.shape=31，y.shape=31】
znew = f(xnew, ynew) 【得到的znew.shape = (31,31)】
znew为插值后的z
4、画图：
采用 from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D进行画三维图
Axes3D简单用法：
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3Dfig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
比如采用plot_trisurf画三维图：plot_trisurf（x,y,z)
【plot_trisurf对数据要求是：x.shape = y.shape = z.shape，所以x和y的shape需要修改，采用np.meshgrid，且都为一维数据】
#修改x,y，z输入画图函数前的shapexx1, yy1 = np.meshgrid(xnew, ynew)newshape = (xx1.shape[0])*(xx1.shape[0])y_input = xx1.reshape(newshape)x_input = yy1.reshape(newshape)z_input = znew.reshape(newshape)
5、所有代码：
# 载入模块import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3Dfrom matplotlib import cmimport pandas as pdimport seaborn as snsfrom scipy import interpolate#生成数据x = np.linspace(0.1,0.9,9)y = np.linspace(0.1,0.9,9)z = np.random.rand(81)#插值# xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x, y)f = interpolate.interp2d(x, y, z, kind='cubic')xnew = np.arange(0.1, 1, 0.03)ynew = np.arange(0.1, 1, 0.03)znew = f(xnew, ynew)#修改x,y，z输入画图函数前的shapexx1, yy1 = np.meshgrid(xnew, ynew)newshape = (xx1.shape[0])*(xx1.shape[0])y_input = xx1.reshape(newshape)x_input = yy1.reshape(newshape)z_input = znew.reshape(newshape)#画图sns.set(style='white')fig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')ax.plot_trisurf(x_input,y_input,z_input,cmap=cm.coolwarm)plt.show()
